Liquorice

Research shows that the effect of glycyrrhizin on hyperkalemia is related to the reduction of renin levels following the reduction of aldosterone in diabetes mellitus. Licorice root extract can inhibit the activity of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that converts cortisol to cortisone. It also protects the occupation of mitralocorticoid receptors by endogenous glucocorticoids in the kidney. Therefore, licorice root in diabetic patients can be used for the treatment of hyperkalemia related to hypoaldosteronism without adverse effects. The hydrophobic flavonoids of licorice reduce abdominal fat and blood sugar, which probably exert these effects through the increased activity of gammaperoxisome receptors. The positive effect of this plant extract in respiratory system disorders such as cough and runny nose, digestive system disorders such as Stomach and duodenal ulcers and inflammations caused by gastritis, anti-cancer effects on melanoma cells and gastric cancer cells by causing apoptosis, anti-viral effects against influenza, SARS, hepatitis B, Herpes and HIV have been proven. Research shows that the extract of this plant is effective in improving atopic dermatitis and reducing inflammation and lesions caused by ultraviolet rays.
The combination of 4, 2, 4 trihydroxychalcone of licorice with a protective effect reduces the viability and increases apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. By inhibiting phosphodiesterase 3, licorice causes antispasmodic effects in digestive tracts and relieves visceral pain. Its aqueous-alcoholic extract causes anti-ulcer activities by increasing the defense factors of the gastric mucosa, so the extract of this plant is used for stomach ulcers and spasms of digestive tracts. Licorice significantly reduces blood cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride levels and increases HDL and reduces aortic atherosclerotic damage. Therefore, licorice prevents the development of atherosclerosis. Glycyrrhizin has an anticoagulant effect and prevents the formation of thrombin, and also prevents the accumulation of platelets. Glabridin, as an isoflavone from licorice root, has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective effects. Also, some licorice flavonoids are phytoestrogens that, like estradiol, affect the serotonergic system and prevent the reuptake of serotonin in the brain.